Caring for your Fancy Rat
Fancy Rat
Rattus norvegicus domestica
Basic Information:
The Fancy Rat is a domesticated form of the brown rat, originally native to parts of Asia but now found worldwide, including across North America. Selectively bred for temperament and appearance, fancy rats come in a wide variety of colors, coat types, and patterns. Adults typically reach 8–10 inches in body length, not including the tail.
Fancy rats are highly intelligent, social animals that thrive on interaction and companionship. They are primarily nocturnal to crepuscular but will readily adjust to their owner’s schedule. Rats are known for forming strong bonds with their owners and can be trained to perform simple tricks and behaviors.
Lifespan:
2–3 years in captivity with proper care.
Sexing:
Sexing is generally easy to determine.
• Males are larger with more prominent testicles and tend to be more laid-back
• Females are smaller, more active, and often more curious
Enclosure:
• Minimum: Multi-level cage with at least 2 cubic feet per rat
• Recommended: Larger vertical cages with multiple levels and enrichment
Provide a well-ventilated wire cage with platforms, ramps, hammocks, and hiding spots. Rats benefit from vertical space and enrichment to climb and explore.
Substrate:
A safe, absorbent bedding is essential, such as:
• Paper-based bedding
• Aspen shavings (kiln-dried)
Avoid cedar or pine bedding, as these can cause respiratory issues.
Lighting & Temperature:
• Ambient Temperature: 65–75°F
• Avoid direct sunlight and drafts
• Lighting: Standard room lighting with a natural day/night cycle
Rats do best in stable, moderate temperatures.
Humidity:
Maintain moderate humidity (40–60%). Good ventilation is important to prevent respiratory problems.
Food:
Fancy rats are omnivores.
• High-quality lab blocks or rat pellets as the staple diet
• Fresh vegetables daily (leafy greens, carrots, peas)
• Fruits and proteins in moderation
Avoid sugary or processed foods.
Water:
Provide fresh, clean water at all times using a water bottle or heavy dish. Check daily to ensure proper function.
Fancy rats are incredibly social, intelligent, and affectionate animals. Their ability to bond with their owners, learn behaviors, and interact makes them one of the most rewarding small mammals to keep.
Where Can I Buy Fancy Rats Near Me?
If you're in Loudoun County, Virginia, it’s just a short drive to Critters, Reptiles & Exotics in Frederick, Maryland, where you can check availability of Fancy Rats and get expert advice on housing, diet, and enrichment. Whether you're looking for a first small pet or a highly interactive companion, there’s always a new adventure waiting at Critters, Reptiles & Exotics!