Madagascar Hissing Cockroach Care

Madagascar Hissing Cockroach

(Gromphadorhina portentosa)

Madagascar hissing cockroaches are large, wingless roaches native to the island of Madagascar. They are named for the unique hissing sound they produce by forcing air through their spiracles (breathing holes), which they use in communication and as a defense mechanism. Adults typically reach 2–4 inches in length, making them one of the largest roach species. They are hardy, easy to care for, and fascinating to observe, making them excellent pets and educational animals.

Lifespan:
2-5 years with proper care

Sexing:

Males have large, horn-like bumps on the pronotum (the shield behind the head) and hairier antennae. Females lack these pronounced horns and have smoother antennae.

Enclosure:

• Minimum Size: 10-gallon tank for a small colony, with secure ventilation.

• Provide hiding spots with cork bark, egg crates, or cardboard tubes.

• A tight-fitting lid is essential, as roaches are excellent climbers; petroleum jelly along the top rim can help prevent escapes.

Substrate:
A mix of sand, coconut fiber, and soil (kept mostly dry)

Depth of 2–3 inches recommended.

Lighting & Temperature:

• Ambient Temperature: 75–85°F

• Cool Side: Room temperature (low 70s is fine)

• Lighting: Not required, roaches prefer darkness

Humidity:

Maintain 60–70% humidity

• Mist the enclosure regularly

• Provide good ventilation to prevent mold

Food:

• Omnivorous scavengers that thrive on a variety of foods. Provide:

  • Fresh fruits and vegetables (apple, carrot, leafy greens, sweet potato)

  • Whole grain cereals, oats, or dry dog food for protein

  • Remove uneaten fresh foods promptly to prevent mold.

Water:

Use a shallow dish to prevent drowning. Mist lightly if humidity is too low.

Madagascar hissers are calm and tolerate gentle handling well. They do not bite and are slow movers, making them excellent for demonstrations and teaching. Their hissing behavior can be an engaging educational feature. Easy to care for, hardy, and fascinating to watch, Madagascar hissing cockroaches are perfect for beginners or as classroom pets. Their unique hissing sound and large size make them both impressive and educational companions.