Caring for your Axolotl
Axolotl
(Ambystoma Mexicanum)
Basic Information:
Axolotls are fully aquatic salamanders native to high-altitude lakes near Mexico City, such as Lake Xochimilco. Unlike most amphibians, they remain in their aquatic larval form for life (a condition called neoteny), keeping their feathery external gills and tail fin. Adults typically reach 9–12 inches in length, though some may grow larger in captivity. They are nocturnal but can be active throughout the day, slowly exploring the tank. Known for their “smiling” expression, axolotls are hardy but require specialized aquatic conditions to thrive.
Lifespan:
10–15 years in captivity with proper care
Sexing:
Males: Males: Longer tails, swollen cloaca, slimmer body shape.
Females: Rounder body (especially when gravid with eggs), smaller cloaca.
Sexing is easiest once axolotls reach adulthood.
Enclosure:
Juveniles: 20-gallon long minimum (30” x 12” x 12”)
Adults: 40-gallon breeder or larger for one; additional space required for multiple axolotls.
Provide a soft sand substrate or keep the tank bare-bottomed; avoid gravel or small stones as they can cause impaction.
Substrate:
Fine sand is best to prevent ingestion hazards. Large, smooth river rocks can be used for aesthetics, but ensure they are too large to swallow. Never use gravel.
Lighting & Temperature:
Ambient Temperature: 60–68°F
Low ambient light or a dim aquarium LED is sufficient, as axolotls prefer darker environments.
Food:
Axolotls are carnivores. Feed a diet of:
High-quality axolotl pellets (staple).
Earthworms (a favorite food source).
Frozen/thawed bloodworms or blackworms.
Feed juveniles daily; adults every 2–3 days.
Water:
Provide fully aquatic housing with a sponge filter or low-flow canister filter, as strong currents stress axolotls.
Water Parameters: pH 6.5–8.0, Ammonia 0 ppm, Nitrite 0 ppm, Nitrate <40 ppm.
Perform 20–30% water changes weekly using dechlorinated water.
With their unique appearance, calm nature, and fascinating behaviors, axolotls are unlike any other amphibian in the pet trade. They are hardy and long-lived when their water quality and temperatures are maintained, making them a rewarding choice for aquarists who want a truly one-of-a-kind pet.
Can you Even own an axolotl in Maryland, Virginia or West Virginia?
There’s something truly magical about keeping an axolotl — part salamander, part science experiment, and 100% conversation starter. Whether you're in Frederick, Montgomery, Carroll, or Washington County, or anywhere in Virginia or West Virginia, we can help you get set up to take one of these awesome pets home! Critters, Reptiles & Exotics has you covered with expert guidance, quality supplies, and axolotls available in-store when in stock. These fascinating aquatic creatures aren’t just pets — they’re an experience. Come see for yourself why there’s always a new adventure waiting at Critters, Reptiles & Exotics!